{"id":329,"date":"2025-12-10T20:46:38","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T20:46:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/?p=329"},"modified":"2025-12-10T21:15:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T21:15:20","slug":"vacas-cerdos-guerras-harris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/10\/vacas-cerdos-guerras-harris\/","title":{"rendered":"Vacas, cerdos, guerras y brujas desde el materialismo cultural"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"329\" class=\"elementor elementor-329\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-97b47e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"97b47e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c4f7fd5\" data-id=\"c4f7fd5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abb035b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"abb035b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sobre el autor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46fbb06 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46fbb06\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7bae95\" data-id=\"f7bae95\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-366e787 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"366e787\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1bb21a1\" data-id=\"1bb21a1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d005d70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d005d70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Marvin Harris, antrop\u00f3logo cultural y creador del <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Materialismo_cultural\"><strong data-start=\"339\" data-end=\"364\">materialismo cultural<\/strong><\/a>, explica en este libro por qu\u00e9 muchas creencias, tab\u00faes y comportamientos humanos \u2014que parecen irracionales\u2014 tienen en realidad ra\u00edces <strong data-start=\"500\" data-end=\"537\">econ\u00f3micas, ecol\u00f3gicas y sociales<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e615d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5e615d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a0336c3\" data-id=\"a0336c3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df463c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"df463c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h2 data-start=\"545\" data-end=\"585\"><strong data-start=\"548\" data-end=\"585\">INTRODUCCI\u00d3N \u2013 La l\u00f3gica cultural<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"586\" data-end=\"824\"><\/p><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e8eb elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1e8eb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11418af\" data-id=\"11418af\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9134ca elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a9134ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Harris plantea su tesis central:<\/span><br data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"621\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Las pr\u00e1cticas culturales no son absurdas ni arbitrarias; responden a <strong data-start=\"690\" data-end=\"716\">condiciones materiales<\/strong>, especialmente ecol\u00f3gicas y econ\u00f3micas.<\/span><br data-start=\"756\" data-end=\"759\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Su objetivo es descifrar esa l\u00f3gica oculta en distintas culturas.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-491cd84\" data-id=\"491cd84\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-526d159 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"526d159\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\" title=\"\" alt=\"Multicultural\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0902046 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0902046\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7508a9\" data-id=\"b7508a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2404674 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2404674\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h1 data-start=\"831\" data-end=\"879\"><strong data-start=\"833\" data-end=\"879\">PARTE I \u2014 <em data-start=\"845\" data-end=\"877\">Las Vacas Sagradas de la India<\/em><\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3 data-start=\"881\" data-end=\"933\"><\/h3><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-376be97 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"376be97\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c73a287\" data-id=\"c73a287\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-458ac5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"458ac5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"881\" data-end=\"933\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"933\">Cap. 1: \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 los hind\u00faes no comen vacas?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p data-start=\"934\" data-end=\"1014\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Harris desmonta la idea de que la vaca es sagrada \u201cpor religi\u00f3n\u201d.<\/span><br data-start=\"999\" data-end=\"1002\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Explica que:<\/span><\/p><ul data-start=\"1016\" data-end=\"1339\"><li data-start=\"1016\" data-end=\"1152\"><p data-start=\"1018\" data-end=\"1152\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">La vaca es esencial para la agricultura tradicional: da leche, esti\u00e9rcol (combustible y fertilizante), fuerza de tiro para el arado.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1153\" data-end=\"1262\"><p data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1262\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Matar una vaca tendr\u00eda consecuencias desastrosas para la supervivencia econ\u00f3mica de las familias rurales.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1263\" data-end=\"1339\"><p data-start=\"1265\" data-end=\"1339\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">La religi\u00f3n hind\u00fa refuerza un tab\u00fa que ya era <strong data-start=\"1311\" data-end=\"1338\">materialmente necesario<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><h3 data-start=\"1341\" data-end=\"1387\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong data-start=\"1345\" data-end=\"1387\">Cap. 2: Carne, pobreza y supervivencia<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p data-start=\"1388\" data-end=\"1618\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">La escasez de pastos y recursos hace que criar ganado para comer sea ineficiente.<\/span><br data-start=\"1469\" data-end=\"1472\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por eso, en un ecosistema precario, la vaca tiene m\u00e1s valor <strong data-start=\"1532\" data-end=\"1540\">viva<\/strong> que sacrificada.<\/span><br data-start=\"1557\" data-end=\"1560\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">El tab\u00fa garantiza la estabilidad de la poblaci\u00f3n ganadera.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d43f53b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d43f53b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5345372\" data-id=\"5345372\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f95baed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f95baed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h1 data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1673\"><strong data-start=\"1627\" data-end=\"1673\">PARTE II \u2014 <em data-start=\"1640\" data-end=\"1671\">Los Cerdos y el Medio Oriente<\/em><\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3 data-start=\"1675\" data-end=\"1739\"><\/h3><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-364fde8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"364fde8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c9a3b9\" data-id=\"4c9a3b9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-843ccb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"843ccb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"1675\" data-end=\"1739\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong data-start=\"1679\" data-end=\"1739\">Cap. 3: \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 los jud\u00edos y musulmanes no comen cerdo?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p data-start=\"1740\" data-end=\"1843\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Harris critica las explicaciones religiosas tradicionales.<\/span><br data-start=\"1798\" data-end=\"1801\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Propone que el cerdo fue prohibido porque:<\/span><\/p><ul data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"2012\"><li data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"1901\"><p data-start=\"1847\" data-end=\"1901\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Necesita agua y sombra (inviable en ambientes \u00e1ridos).<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1902\" data-end=\"1951\"><p data-start=\"1904\" data-end=\"1951\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">No rumia: compite con los humanos por alimento.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1952\" data-end=\"2012\"><p data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"2012\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A diferencia de la vaca, aporta poco m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la carne.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"2014\" data-end=\"2155\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">En zonas des\u00e9rticas, criar cerdos es energ\u00e9ticamente <strong data-start=\"2067\" data-end=\"2092\">costoso e ineficiente<\/strong>, por lo que el tab\u00fa evolucion\u00f3 para proteger a las sociedades.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6532476 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6532476\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e44182\" data-id=\"3e44182\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-560a0c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"560a0c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h1 data-start=\"2162\" data-end=\"2201\"><strong data-start=\"2164\" data-end=\"2201\">PARTE III \u2014 <em data-start=\"2178\" data-end=\"2199\">Guerras y Guerreros<\/em><\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3 data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2252\"><\/h3><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49272b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49272b9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec8dbe7\" data-id=\"ec8dbe7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ba49db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ba49db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2252\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong data-start=\"2207\" data-end=\"2252\">Cap. 4: Los yanomami y la escalada b\u00e9lica<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p data-start=\"2253\" data-end=\"2440\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Analiza las guerras entre los yanomami.<\/span><br data-start=\"2292\" data-end=\"2295\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Harris sostiene que la violencia no es por honor o naturaleza agresiva, sino por <strong data-start=\"2376\" data-end=\"2404\">competencia por recursos<\/strong>, especialmente mujeres y alimentos.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-07e4ae5\" data-id=\"07e4ae5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2d4cfdd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2d4cfdd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44abec1\" data-id=\"44abec1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a33128 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a33128\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"2442\" data-end=\"2497\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong data-start=\"2446\" data-end=\"2497\">Cap. 5: Las recompensas materiales de la guerra<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p data-start=\"2498\" data-end=\"2562\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Expone c\u00f3mo muchas sociedades fomentan la guerra porque produce:<\/span><\/p><ul data-start=\"2564\" data-end=\"2653\"><li data-start=\"2564\" data-end=\"2589\"><p data-start=\"2566\" data-end=\"2589\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Expansi\u00f3n territorial<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2590\" data-end=\"2613\"><p data-start=\"2592\" data-end=\"2613\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Control de recursos<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2614\" data-end=\"2653\"><p data-start=\"2616\" data-end=\"2653\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aumento de prestigio y poder social<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"2655\" data-end=\"2708\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">La guerra est\u00e1 integrada en su <strong data-start=\"2686\" data-end=\"2707\">econom\u00eda pol\u00edtica<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3767768 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3767768\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-384a8f9\" data-id=\"384a8f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2262c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b2262c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h1 data-start=\"2715\" data-end=\"2749\"><strong data-start=\"2717\" data-end=\"2749\">PARTE IV \u2014 <em data-start=\"2730\" data-end=\"2747\">Brujas y Mes\u00edas<\/em><\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3 data-start=\"2751\" data-end=\"2786\"><\/h3><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4869031 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4869031\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5663f41\" data-id=\"5663f41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4146cea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4146cea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3208\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong data-start=\"3162\" data-end=\"3208\">Cap. 7: Mes\u00edas y movimientos apocal\u00edpticos<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p data-start=\"3209\" data-end=\"3337\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Estudia figuras como Jes\u00fas, l\u00edderes nativos y movimientos milenaristas.<\/span><br data-start=\"3280\" data-end=\"3283\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Argumenta que los mes\u00edas surgen cuando las sociedades:<\/span><\/p><ul data-start=\"3339\" data-end=\"3447\"><li data-start=\"3339\" data-end=\"3383\"><p data-start=\"3341\" data-end=\"3383\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sufren <strong data-start=\"3348\" data-end=\"3380\">presi\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica o colonial<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3384\" data-end=\"3447\"><p data-start=\"3386\" data-end=\"3447\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Necesitan una visi\u00f3n que unifique y prometa cambio radical.<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"3449\" data-end=\"3541\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Los movimientos apocal\u00edpticos son, en realidad, <strong data-start=\"3497\" data-end=\"3540\">respuestas sociales a crisis materiales<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f5c349f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f5c349f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2686019\" data-id=\"2686019\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e4ee66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1e4ee66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h1 data-start=\"3548\" data-end=\"3589\"><strong data-start=\"3550\" data-end=\"3589\">CONCLUSI\u00d3N \u2014 La racionalidad oculta<br><\/strong><\/h1><p data-start=\"3590\" data-end=\"3857\"><\/p><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7d84de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7d84de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0fcd1d2\" data-id=\"0fcd1d2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65dc358 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65dc358\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Harris afirma que, detr\u00e1s de las pr\u00e1cticas culturales, incluso las m\u00e1s extra\u00f1as, existe una <strong data-start=\"3682\" data-end=\"3709\">racionalidad adaptativa<\/strong>.<\/span><br data-start=\"3710\" data-end=\"3713\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">El materialismo cultural no reduce la cultura, sino que revela sus <strong data-start=\"3780\" data-end=\"3803\">cimientos pr\u00e1cticos<\/strong>, muchas veces invisibles para las propias sociedades.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00bfQuieres saber m\u00e1s del tema? No dudes en dec\u00edrmelo en comentarios o <a title=\"Contacto\" href=\"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/inicio-prueba\/\">contacta<\/a> por mensaje privado &lt;3\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sobre el autor Marvin Harris, antrop\u00f3logo cultural y creador del materialismo cultural, explica en este libro por qu\u00e9 muchas creencias, tab\u00faes y comportamientos humanos \u2014que parecen irracionales\u2014 tienen en realidad ra\u00edces econ\u00f3micas, ecol\u00f3gicas y sociales. INTRODUCCI\u00d3N \u2013 La l\u00f3gica cultural Harris plantea su tesis central:Las pr\u00e1cticas culturales no son absurdas ni arbitrarias; responden a condiciones&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/10\/vacas-cerdos-guerras-harris\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":343,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,13,20],"tags":[28,32,34,33,26,27,30,31,29],"class_list":["post-329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-critica-antropologica","category-cultura","tag-antropologia-cultural","tag-antropologia-y-religion","tag-conducta-humana","tag-cultura-y-sociedad","tag-marvin-harris","tag-materialismo-cultural","tag-resumen-de-libros","tag-tabues-alimentarios","tag-vacas-cerdos-guerras-y-brujas"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=329"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":344,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/329\/revisions\/344"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deusaperez.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}